Instrumentation - Industrial Instrumentation Failure Analysis Method Investigation Method
Through the investigation and understanding of the industrial instrumentation failure phenomenon and its development process, the method of judging the cause of the failure is analyzed. Generally have the following aspects:
(1) The use situation before the occurrence of the fault and whether there are any precursors;
(2) Whether there is any fire, smoke or abnormal smell when the fault occurs;
(3) The change of the power supply voltage;
(4) External conditions such as overheating, lightning, humidity, and collision;
(5) Whether it is interfered by external strong electric and magnetic fields;
(6) Whether there is improper use or misuse;
(7) Failures that occur during normal operation, or failures that occur after repairing replacement components;
(8) What faults and repairs have occurred before.
The investigation method is used to repair the faults. The investigation should be carried out in depth and carefully, especially for the reflection of the on-site personnel. Do not rush to open the inspection. Maintenance experience shows that many of the respondents' responses are incorrect or incomplete, and many problems that require no maintenance can be found through verification.
Visual inspection
Without any test instrument, the person's senses (eyes, ears, nose, hands) are used to observe the method of finding the fault. The visual inspection method is divided into two types: visual inspection and power inspection. The visual inspection contents mainly include: (1) Whether the instrument housing and the dial glass are intact, whether the pointer is deformed or collided with the dial, whether the assembly fastener is firm, whether the position of each switch knob is correct, and whether the movable part is flexible or not. Whether there is any significant change in the adjustment position;
(2) Whether the connection is disconnected, whether the connectors are normally connected, whether the reed on the circuit board socket is insufficient in elasticity and poor in contact. For the instrument assembled by unit combination, pay special attention to whether the connection screws of each unit board are tightened;
(3) Whether the contacts of the relays and contactors are misaligned, stuck, oxidized, burnt and stuck;
(4) Whether the power fuse is blown, whether the electron tube is broken or leaking (a layer of white powder adheres to the inner wall of the tube after leaking), damage, whether the coating of the transistor casing is discolored, broken, whether the resistor is burnt, whether the coil is broken or not. Whether the capacitor casing expands, leaks or bursts;
(5) Whether the copper strip on the printed board is broken, tinned, short-circuited, whether the solder joints of each component are good, whether there is virtual soldering, missing soldering or desoldering;
(6) Whether the arrangement and wiring of each component are skewed, misplaced, dropped, or touched.
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