In the modern wooden furniture factory, many woodworking activities such as eye-catching and planing wood are replaced by machines, but the grinding process is still done by hand. Different parts and processes require different grinding tools.
The aesthetics of the furniture surface depends to a large extent on the quality of the sanding. Whether it is a solid wood enterprise or a panel furniture enterprise, the workload and the number of people are relatively large, which is the grinding workshop. The most problematic is the polishing workshop. Due to the particularity and difference of the materials themselves, as well as the differences in the shape and shape of the processed parts, coupled with the limited processing functions and cost considerations of the sanding equipment, it has not completely replaced the manual. Sanding method.
Next, through a practical demonstration of a foreign woodworking master, I will show you how to more effectively polish the solid wood panels, and hope to bring you some hints.
Conventional grinding of small plates
Grinding a smooth surface: In order to polish the surface efficiently, the machine and manual technology should be combined to polish from low mesh to high mesh.
Grinding from the power tool, and then eliminating the machine wear scar: using a 5-6 inch diameter disc sander, starting from 150 mesh to the end of 180 mesh. When using a sander, padded tooling gloves are worn to reduce vibration during machine operation.
Finishing by hand: After grinding to 180 mesh with a machine, the 220-mesh sandpaper is wrapped in a polishing block made of cork and continues to be polished by hand. When sanding, if you don't polish along the grain direction, the carpenter may yell at you, but the angle of 7° to 10° with the grain direction can better remove the wood fiber and leave no obvious on the wood surface. The horizontal scratches.
Handmade sanding disc: If you feel that it is very tired to grind sand for a long time, you can use the strap-type hand-made sanding disc with Velcro in the picture, which will make it easier to operate.
Grinding the end face: usually the smooth surface is polished to 220 mesh, but the striated surface still needs to be polished until it is about 400 mesh, which can achieve a smooth surface like glass.
Grinding of large plates
In more than 20 years, the master has been answering questions about woodworking and surface treatment. One of the most troublesome questions is often asked, how to deal with the slabs to get a flat surface. The slabs that are put together are often too wide to pass the planer, and the hand planing skills are not up to the requirements. The 5-inch disc sander on hand is too small to be unevenly polished. Such a large plate is often the most conspicuous part of a product, such as the panel of a table, or the side panels or panels of a wardrobe, which have low requirements for surface treatment, so it is impossible to fool the past.
His solution is to use a belt machine, but the first step in flattening the board is in the process of applying glue, that is, when aligning the two boards as much as possible. Use clips to clamp the two strips of 11â„2 inches in section at the ends and in the middle of the board, and evenly tighten the clips, and press the pressure of the clips to flatten the boards as much as possible. He f will scrape off the excess glue with a thin sheet, but in fact the sealing tape can be. Then evenly tighten the steel rod clamp and use a rubber mallet to hit the wood board around the seam, try to make the panels flush with each other.
First up and down the clamp, then left and right clamps: firstly, the wooden strips are clamped up and down in the front and the back of the board, and the clamps clamped up and down are tightened to apply pressure to the wooden strips, and the boards are clamped by the restraint of the wooden strips. Then, the clamps in the left and right direction of the board are evenly tightened in order to make the board glue more closely.
Despite these precautions, there are still some irregularities between the panels, and you need to use some heavy equipment. Among them, the 4*24-inch large belt machine is preferred, and the 6-inch diameter disc sander can be selected. Whether it is a cylindrical grip or a gun grip, although the efficiency is lower, the effect is not Poor, but the premise is that the quality of your tools has to pass.
When polishing the panel, you need to polish the upper part to the lowest point on the horizontal surface with the lowest point of the surface, and at the same time, remove the polishing marks.
Choice of grinding direction
Cross-line grinding method: The best way to smooth the joint between the panels is to polish the sander from the left to the right at an angle of 45° to the grain direction.
Then continue from right to left and polish at an angle of 45°.
Polishing along the texture: When the glued parts of the board are flattened, the entire surface is polished along the surface texture.
Extended reading: What details should be paid attention to when building furniture? Woodworking makes furniture more durable!
Check the progress: Check if the desktop is higher with a level that is longer than the width of the panel. When the level shows the level of each part of the desktop, you can start the next step.
Polishing of narrow parts
Small step stitching angle: specially made a grinding block that can be polished to the step without causing lateral wear of the wood. Apply pressure-sensitive adhesive sandpaper to the wooden block or apply ordinary sandpaper to the wooden block with spray glue for polishing. .
Narrow component subversion balance: When grinding on a narrow surface, the sander is easily tilted to one side, causing the angle of the edge of the wood to be worn away.
Putting together a few narrow parts together will not only provide a more stable surface, but also speed up the grinding process.
How to detect the quality of polishing
The side light source will make the unevenness on the board surface appear. Use a low-angle light source to illuminate the other side along the side of the panel to see if the board is flat.
Wet wood surface: Apply industrial alcohol, pine perfume or water to the surface of the panel evenly, so that you can see the traces of sanding left on the panel or the traces left by the flat planer.
In some cases, when polished to a higher mesh number, the wood surface does show a very distinct difference. For example, when water-based paint is applied to the surface of the wood for the first or second time, the broken fiber surface will be erected, and if it is polished to 320 to 400, the wood fiber will become smaller and the wood will follow. Smoother. In addition, for end face textures, sanding to 320 to 400 mesh results in a more uniform surface finish.
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