Wood veneer dyeing is an important aspect to improve the visual characteristics of wood. It is the basis and key to the production of artificial thin wood [1]. It refers to the combination of wood and coloring agent through physical and chemical action to produce the color and effect people need. The process; it not only improves the physical and chemical properties of the original surface of the wood, but also gives the wood a firm color, and makes the wood texture clearer and more pleasing, highlighting and strengthening the original visual characteristics of the wood and improving the visual effect of the wood. It also has the effect of inhibiting the discoloration of wood, enhancing the decorative color of wood products, improving the decorative effect of wood products and the quality of wood utilization [2~4]. Slab dyeing is an organic combination of wood physics and chemical processing, as well as deep processing of wood and The important direction of the use of fast-growing materials has become more and more popular among consumers and the attention of the furniture and decoration industry. Many work has been done on wood dyeing at home and abroad, but most of them are engaged in dyeing ratio and single tree dyeing process. Research work, research on the wood veneer dyeing process technology has not seen a relatively systematic report [5 ~ 7].
Wood veneer dyeing is generally carried out by heating with a dyeing solution under normal pressure, which can effectively reduce the investment in dyeing equipment and simplify the treatment process. Some wood veneers can be directly dyed; some wood veneers are It is necessary to carry out proper treatment (leaching and bleaching) before dyeing to achieve the effect of stabilizing the color of dyed wood. This is especially important when the target color is lighter. At present, the general process for dyeing wood veneers is “previous Processing - dyeing - drying, etc.
1 Experimental materials and methods
1 1 Experimental materials
1 1 1 Test material
Paulowniae longata, Populustomentosa: collected from Shangqiu, Henan, with a veneer thickness of 10 mm. Betulaplatyphylla, Tiliamand shurica, and Fraxinus mandshurica: collected from Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province. The thickness of the veneer is 10 mm.
1 1 2 dye
This experiment uses water-soluble acid dyes, namely acid yellow, acid red, acid orange and acid black ATT.
1 2 Experimental methods
In this study, the orthogonal experiment method was used to compare the dyeing of single-layer and several acid dyes on the above-mentioned wood veneers, and the difficulty of dyeing various wood veneers was evaluated by measuring the change of color. The effect of dyes on the dyeing effect of wood in each treatment.
1 2 1 Factor and level selection
In this study, the main factors affecting the dyeing effect of wood, such as dye concentration, dyeing time, temperature and bath ratio, were selected. Three factors were selected for each factor. According to the selected factors and levels, the L9(3 4) orthogonal table was selected for the experiment.
1 2 2 Experimental design objectives and implementation schemes to study the effect of the same acid dye on the dyeing effect of different tree species; the selectivity of different tree species to dyes; the effect of mixed dyes on wood dyeing; the lightfastness of dyed veneers; Optimize the relationship between process parameters under different conditions. For comparison, the factors and process parameters of all dyeing experiments are the same.
1 2 3 Experimental process
Board selection cut (processing)
Formulation of dyes - heating - (additives) - dyeing - washing - drying - (light resistance test) - color determination veneer selection and shearing: selection of sapwood veneers, requiring no decay, discoloration and thrift, uniform color The veneer has good quality and smooth surface; it is cut into 50cm×80cm and the water content is ≤ (1 5±3) %.
Veneer treatment: veneer treatment includes leaching and bleaching. Dye solution preparation and heating; according to the experimental requirements, each dye solution is prepared 40 ml, adding auxiliaries, and the dyeing liquid is heated at a constant temperature water bath at 3 ° C per minute. The speed is heated, stirred while heating, and the dye is fully dissolved. After the temperature reaches the requirement, the veneer is placed, dyed, and started to be timed. Washed and dried: after the dyeing is completed, the veneer is rinsed with cold water (room temperature), then Place it vertically, let it dry naturally.
2 Results and analysis
Data analysis is expressed by the difference of L, a, b of wood before and after dyeing, ie ΔL, Δa, Δb. The data analysis is carried out by means of visual analysis (see Table 2) and analysis of variance (see Table 3), taking into account the single The surface quality of the board.
Wood veneer dyeing is generally carried out by heating with a dyeing solution under normal pressure, which can effectively reduce the investment in dyeing equipment and simplify the treatment process. Some wood veneers can be directly dyed; some wood veneers are It is necessary to carry out proper treatment (leaching and bleaching) before dyeing to achieve the effect of stabilizing the color of dyed wood. This is especially important when the target color is lighter. At present, the general process for dyeing wood veneers is “previous Processing - dyeing - drying, etc.
1 Experimental materials and methods
1 1 Experimental materials
1 1 1 Test material
Paulowniae longata, Populustomentosa: collected from Shangqiu, Henan, with a veneer thickness of 10 mm. Betulaplatyphylla, Tiliamand shurica, and Fraxinus mandshurica: collected from Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province. The thickness of the veneer is 10 mm.
1 1 2 dye
This experiment uses water-soluble acid dyes, namely acid yellow, acid red, acid orange and acid black ATT.
1 2 Experimental methods
In this study, the orthogonal experiment method was used to compare the dyeing of single-layer and several acid dyes on the above-mentioned wood veneers, and the difficulty of dyeing various wood veneers was evaluated by measuring the change of color. The effect of dyes on the dyeing effect of wood in each treatment.
1 2 1 Factor and level selection
In this study, the main factors affecting the dyeing effect of wood, such as dye concentration, dyeing time, temperature and bath ratio, were selected. Three factors were selected for each factor. According to the selected factors and levels, the L9(3 4) orthogonal table was selected for the experiment.
1 2 2 Experimental design objectives and implementation schemes to study the effect of the same acid dye on the dyeing effect of different tree species; the selectivity of different tree species to dyes; the effect of mixed dyes on wood dyeing; the lightfastness of dyed veneers; Optimize the relationship between process parameters under different conditions. For comparison, the factors and process parameters of all dyeing experiments are the same.
1 2 3 Experimental process
Board selection cut (processing)
Formulation of dyes - heating - (additives) - dyeing - washing - drying - (light resistance test) - color determination veneer selection and shearing: selection of sapwood veneers, requiring no decay, discoloration and thrift, uniform color The veneer has good quality and smooth surface; it is cut into 50cm×80cm and the water content is ≤ (1 5±3) %.
Veneer treatment: veneer treatment includes leaching and bleaching. Dye solution preparation and heating; according to the experimental requirements, each dye solution is prepared 40 ml, adding auxiliaries, and the dyeing liquid is heated at a constant temperature water bath at 3 ° C per minute. The speed is heated, stirred while heating, and the dye is fully dissolved. After the temperature reaches the requirement, the veneer is placed, dyed, and started to be timed. Washed and dried: after the dyeing is completed, the veneer is rinsed with cold water (room temperature), then Place it vertically, let it dry naturally.
2 Results and analysis
Data analysis is expressed by the difference of L, a, b of wood before and after dyeing, ie ΔL, Δa, Δb. The data analysis is carried out by means of visual analysis (see Table 2) and analysis of variance (see Table 3), taking into account the single The surface quality of the board.
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