People are now increasingly concerned about the serious impact of poor air quality on human health. British scientists have developed a new type of air quality measurement equipment that can "scan" the city like a "pollution surveillance radar". The device can be installed on a satellite to provide unprecedented details of harmful gases in the air. At the same time, researchers are developing ground equipment capable of drawing three-dimensional maps of harmful gases in the air.
This technology comes from an Earth Observation Instrument Center (CEOI) in the United Kingdom, which is responsible for the development of a new system that can complete its own tasks and plays a catalytic role in the development of space environmental monitoring technology. Professor Paul Monks of the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom is one of the leaders of the Small Air Quality Spectrometer (CompAQS) project, which is a project of the Earth Observation Instrument Center, which aims to develop a type that can be used in the ultraviolet and visible spectrum Small imaging spectrometers, and many potential applications that can be based on satellite platforms. As part of the "City Scan" program, this developed technology is currently being applied to monitor the air quality over large cities and industrial areas in a simple and uninterrupted manner.
Monks said: "The device that has been developed has the potential to be deployed as a small satellite load and provides similar performance to the currently used device, which is much larger in volume. Its compact size, and the use of new The functions that can be achieved by the optical design mean that manufacturing, platform development and launch costs can be minimized. "
Monks added: "Now, overwhelming consensus is that poor air quality affects human health. The World Health Organization estimates that 2.4 million people die directly from air pollution each year, of which 1.5 million people die because of indoor Air pollution. People are in a world of increasing levels of harmful gases and particles, which requires public authorities in countries, regions, and even the world to take action. "
In 2009, Leicester University will manufacture and install two new CompAQS with Surrey Satellite Technology Co., Ltd. as a ground differential absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) system. These devices will operate in the visible light wave area and can draw real-time three-dimensional images of harmful gases such as nitrogen dioxide in the air within 5 minutes. By simultaneously analyzing the scattered solar ultraviolet / visible radiation from multiple devices and multi-angle geometric arrangements, real-time mapping can be achieved, and unprecedented levels of information about the dynamics and composition of the urban environment can be obtained.
"Urban scanning" equipment will have more advantages than existing air quality monitors, and can provide uninterrupted monitoring technology for the entire urban area. Each system to be put into operation can cover an area of ​​about 25 square kilometers (9.6 square miles), and can monitor nitrogen dioxide and suspended particles in real time with a spatial resolution of 50 meters, just like a " Pollution Surveillance Radar ".
"City Scan" can collect a unique air quality monitoring database, and has the potential to open up new areas in emissions monitoring, pollution measurement and air quality control. Such measurements require high-performance spectrometers and detection systems, and share many key development requirements with satellite instrument manufacturing. Therefore, this technology is a naturally derived path for the development of a spaceborne spectrometer. Through the project partners, the progress of "city scanning" is being fed back to the British space industry department.
Monks said: "For the long-term monitoring and control of man-made or naturally occurring emissions and therefore the short-term impact on human health, air composition and quality measurements are critical. There is an increasing need to collect more detailed, A larger area and more consistent data with the Earth Observation Instrument Center will play an important role when facing challenges. "
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