Experiment 8 Determination of the heat of fusion of ice
ã€Purpose requirement】
1. Understand the basic problems in thermal experiments-calorimetry and temperature measurement;
2. Use the mixed calorimetry to determine the heat of fusion of ice;
3. Understand the method of rough correction of heat dissipation;
4. Learn to reasonably select system parameters and conduct experimental arrangements.
ã€Experimental Principle】
At a certain pressure, the temperature at which the crystal melts is called the melting point of the crystal at this pressure. At the melting point temperature, the solid state and liquid state of the substance can coexist in equilibrium. The heat required for the crystalline substance per unit mass to change from solid state to liquid state at the melting point is called the heat of fusion of the crystalline substance.
1. Measurement methods and principles
This experiment uses mixed calorimetry to determine the heat of fusion of ice. The basic method of mixed calorimetry is to mix the system under test with a system whose heat capacity is known, and try to make them form an isolated system with no heat exchange with the outside world system). In this way, the heat to be prevented by the system under test (or the system whose heat capacity is known) is absorbed by the system (or system under test) whose heat capacity is known.
2. Basic knowledge of thermal experiment
(1) About the measurement of heat and temperature.
Convert heat into other easily measured physical quantities. For a substance of a certain mass, the specific heat capacity is known, and the heat transferred between it and another substance can be calculated by increasing or decreasing the temperature, so that the measurement of heat is converted into the measurement of the mass and temperature of the substance.
(2) Questions about heat correction.
The thermal measurement method used in this experiment is mixed calorimetry. Maintaining the system as an isolated system is the basic experimental condition required by the mixed calorimetry method. In addition, it is required to ensure from the aspects of instrumentation, measurement arrangement and experimental operation to minimize the heat exchange between the system and the outside world.
ã€Experiment content】
1. Determine the heat of fusion of ice;
2. Determine the relationship between system temperature and time during the experiment.
ã€Instruments】
Serial number
equipment name
Model / Specification
Unit price (yuan)
Remarks
1
Calorimeter
DH4609
750
Φ80mm
2
Digital Thermometer
100. 0 ℃, 0. 1 ℃
3
Stop watch
0.01s
4
Thermos, beaker
5
Electronic balance
TD10002 / 1000g, 0.01g
1450
Compatible with other experiments
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