DNA molecules have powerful parallel computing capabilities and ultra-high storage capacity, so the logical operations and calculations based on DNA molecules have high expectations from the scientific community. A particularly interesting issue in this field is how to implement DNA logic gates and computers to operate in vivo. It can be expected that the DNA computer in the body can realize diagnosis and treatment at the same time, and intelligently control the drug release time according to changes in the environment. This intelligent drug loading system is a goal of future medical research.
Recently, researchers such as Pei Hao and Liang Le from the Laboratory of Physical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, under the guidance of Fan Chunhai and Huang Qing, innovatively combined DNA nanotechnology and DNA computing to design a series of A new "DNA logic gate" based on three-dimensional DNA nanostructures. These logic gates can not only respond to different input signals to achieve complex molecular operations, but also actively pass through cell membranes and enter living cells for biomolecular imaging. Related papers have been published in the international authoritative journal "Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 9020-9024" recently. The pictures of the research results were selected as the back cover of the current magazine.
Specific DNA sequences can self-assemble into regular tetrahedral structures. This three-dimensional DNA nanostructure has high cell penetration, biocompatibility and stability (ACS Nano, 2011, 5, 8783-8789), so it is an ideal material for achieving this goal. Studies have shown that by integrating some specific DNA recognition sequences (such as i-motif, nucleic acid aptamers, etc.) into the DNA tetrahedron structure, it is possible to input specific signals (such as H +, ATP, Hg2 + and other molecules and ions) The configuration of the DNA tetrahedron structure changes and produces an output signal. Not only can the logic judgments such as "YES" and "NO" be realized, but also basic logic gates (INH, XOR, AND, OR) can be constructed. These logic gates can be integrated together, and more complex molecular operations (such as half adders) can also be implemented. Further research shows that this DNA logic gate can efficiently enter into living cells, generate a specific logical response to ATP molecules in the cytoplasm, and realize molecular imaging in living cells.
This logic gate based on three-dimensional DNA nanostructures provides new possibilities for implementing intelligent drug loading systems.
Magazine back cover
Using DNA logic switches to image biomolecules in cells
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